Table 3 in Scientists' warning - The outstanding biodiversity of islands is in peril

Table 3 Reasons of vulnerability after human colonization of the evolutionary innovations related to island syndromes (adapted from Fern´andez-Palacios, 2019).
Evolutionary innovation emerging in insular contexts (island syndromes)Reasons of vulnerability after human colonizationGigantismBigger reward for hunting, source of meatDwarfismDecrease of deterrence power/fierceness, facilitating hunting or predation by introduced predatorsInsect and avian flightlessnessIncapacity of escaping introduced predatorsLoss of dispersibility in plantsIncapacity of escaping habitat destructionDiminution of clutch sizeLess recovery potential during disturbanceDiminution of defensive behaviour / TamenessNaive behaviour against hunting/predationInsular secondary woodinessSlower regeneration rate making woody species more susceptible to human-associated disturbances.Logging target for firewood, weapons, toolsTrend towards secondary (functional) dioecyDifficulty of mating in precarious demographic conditionsLoss of plant defences against mammalian herbivoryIncreased palatability of island plant species to introduced mammalian herbivoresOther isolation related issuesLack of contact with diseases/pathogensVulnerability against imported diseases