Identification of non-native populations and reconstruction of invasion routes in the Redbreast Sunfish Lepomis auritus

Human-mediated introductions of non-native species are expected to increase globally and threaten native biodiversity. Lepomis auritus (Redbreast Sunfish), a carnivorous freshwater fish native to rivers in eastern North America, has been introduced far outside of its native range due to its popularity in recreational fisheries. However, poor documentation of introductions and lack of thorough ichthyofaunal surveys before the mid-20th century have complicated our understanding of the establishment and spread of non-native L. auritus over the past 90 years, precluding effective management. We conducted phylogenomic analyses using ddRAD data from 197 specimens of L. auritus collected throughout the known geographic range of the species to reconstruct the introduction history of the species. Our protocols allow for the reconstruction of complicated introduction routes and reveal that L. auritus in Texas is the result of a single-source introduction from the Suwannee River; the population in..., , , # **Identification of non-native populations and reconstruction of invasion routes in the Redbreast Sunfish *Lepomis auritus***

Daemin Kim, Jeffrey W. Simmons, and Thomas J. Near

##  Description of Data files

**SNAPP_divergence_time.xml**

Input for the SNAPP divergence time analysis.

**SNAPP_divergence_time.nex**

Dataset for the SNAPP divergence time analysis.

**SNAPP_divergence_time.tre**

Time-calibrated species tree inferred from the SNAPP divergence time analysis.

**SNMF.ugeno**

Dataset for the population structure analysis with a sparse non-negative matrix factorization (snmf) algorithm.

**IQTREE_contree.tre**

Maximum likelihood phylogeny of concatenated data inferred from the IQTREE analysis.

**FSC_Analysis1_MSFS.obs**

Multisite frequency spectrum input for the Fastsimcoal2 analysis for Analysis 1. 

**FSC_Analysis2_MSFS.obs**

Multisite frequency spectrum input for the Fastsimcoal2 analysis for Analysis 2. 

**FSC_Analysis_Combined_MSFS.obs**

Multisite frequency spe...