Thermal image dataset of explosive eruptions at Stromboli volcano (Pizzo Sopra la Fossa)

This dataset contains thermal infrared images of Strombolian explosive activity recorded at Stromboli volcano (Italy), acquired from in situ thermal cameras located at the Pizzo Sopra la Fossa area. The dataset includes different eruptive activity and is intended for research on volcanic explosion detection, segmentation, and quantitative analysis using computer vision and machine learning techniques. To enhance the relevance of the images, each frame was restricted to a predefined region of interest (ROI), excluding non-informative regions such as logos, timestamps, camera annotations, and the thermal palette. Images used for RetinaNet and U-Net are provided at a resolution of 520 × 520 pixels, while sequences used for LSTM-based models are provided at a resolution of 505 × 450 pixels. The dataset is organized into structured directories and is accompanied by annotation files that describe the explosions and their main characteristics. The dataset is provided as compressed archives preserving the original directory structure and can be used for training and evaluating machine learning models for volcanic activity analysis.