Papers which report comparisons of Flight-Initiation Distances (FID) between various stimuli.

Comparisons were excluded when they were not explicitly tested or described, or when it was unclear if single or multiple walkers were used. Stimuli examined in these studies are single walker (SW), multiple walkers (MW), single jogger (Jogger), single leashed or unleashed dog (Dog), car, truck, motorised boat (MB), non-motorised boat (NMB), jet ski, and airboat. 1 Number of comparisons is greater than number of species in cases where different studies have investigated the comparison in the same species.