Data underlying the research on Molecular mechanism of Cysticercus cellulosae TPx protein regulating Th1/Th2 cell differentiation through JAK/STAT signaling pathway

Cysticercosis is a serious zoonotic parasitic disease caused by the larva of <em>Taenia solium</em> (<em>T. solium</em>), Cysticercus cellulosae, infecting humans or pigs. Currently, the immunopathogenic mechanism of this disease remains unclear. In this study, based on the fact that the thioredoxin peroxidase (TPx) protein in the excretory-secretory antigens (ESA) of Cysticercus cellulosae can induce immune dysfunction of T cells in piglets and produce a Th2-type immune response.Further research was conducted on the effects of TPx protein on the differentiation of human Jurkat T lymphocytes into T helper cell 1 (Th1) and Th2 cells and the changes in the expression levels of proteins related to the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway. The results of flow cytometry showed that the TPx protein could promote the differentiation of Th1 cells when acting on human Jurkat T lymphocytes for 24 hours and promote the differentiation of Th2 cells when acting for 48 hours. Transcriptomics and Western blot showed that the TPx protein could activate the JAK/STAT signaling pathway in Jurkat cells. At 48 hours, it upregulated the Th2 cell transcription factor GATA binding protein 3(GATA3) through p-JAK3 and p-STAT6, promoting the differentiation of Th2 cells. This suggests that the JAK/STAT signaling pathway may be an important molecular mechanism for the regulation of Th1/Th2 cell differentiation in Jurkat cells by the TPx protein of Cysticercus cellulosae, providing important scientific evidence for the preliminary revelation of the immunopathogenic mechanism of cysticercosis and the development of vaccines.