Dome Fuji, Antarctica Core DF01 7.88-13.36m, Sulfur isotope ratios delta34S and ion (chloride, methanesulfsulfonic acid, sulfate, Na+, K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) concentrations

Sulfur isotopic (delta34S) analysis were performed for shallow ice core DF01 from Dome Fuji, Antarctica, including a chronological profile with annual resolution for the entire 19th century. This profile, which is directly comparable to the chronological concentration profiles of sulfate and other ions, is an important proxy for examining variations in the origin of sulfur related to climate changes.In the delta 34S and non-sea-salt (nss)-sulfate ((SO42-)nss) profiles, the signals of five well-known 19th century volcanic eruptions were confirmed: Krakatau 1883 (and Tarawera 1886), Makian 1861, Cosiguina 1835, Tambora 1815, and Unknown 1809. The averages of nss-sulfur-isotope composition (delta 34Snss) and (SO42-)nss for the second half, calculated after excluding these prominent signals, were found to differ from those for the first half century. We also examined singularities other than the five major volcanic signals in the delta 34S and (SO42-)nss profiles based on not only variations in delta 34S and (SO42-)nss but also variations in the concentrations of other ions. We then identified the presence of three additional volcanic signals: Babuyan 1831, Galunggung 1822, and an unknown volcanic eruption around 1807. The latter two signals confirmed for the first time in Antarctic ice cores. Other singularities may be related to an influx of coastal air masses, a non-stratospheric volcanic eruption near Antarctica, or an increase in the relative contribution of a stratospheric component to the precipitation in inland Antarctica.针对取自南极富士穹顶（Dome Fuji）的浅冰芯DF01开展了硫同位素（delta34S）分析，构建了覆盖整个19世纪的年分辨率年代际剖面。该剖面可直接与硫酸盐及其他离子的年代际浓度剖面进行对比，是探究气候变化相关硫来源变化的重要代用指标。在delta34S与非海盐硫酸盐（non-sea-salt, nss-sulfate, (SO₄²⁻)nss）剖面中，已确认5次19世纪著名火山喷发的信号：1883年喀拉喀托（Krakatau）火山（及1886年塔拉韦拉（Tarawera）火山）、1861年马基安（Makian）火山、1835年科西圭纳（Cosiguina）火山、1815年坦博拉（Tambora）火山，以及1809年的未知火山喷发。在剔除上述显著信号后，计算得到的19世纪后半叶非海盐硫同位素组成（delta34Snss）与(SO₄²⁻)nss平均值，与前半叶存在显著差异。本研究除结合delta34S与(SO₄²⁻)nss的浓度变化外，还参照其他离子的浓度变化，对两类剖面中除5次主要火山信号外的异常特征展开分析，并额外识别出3次火山喷发信号：1831年巴布延（Babuyan）火山、1822年加隆贡（Galunggung）火山，以及约1807年的未知火山喷发。其中后两次信号为南极冰芯中首次被证实。其余异常特征可能与沿海气团输入、南极附近非平流层火山喷发，或南极内陆降水中平流层组分相对占比提升有关。