FACTORS AFFECTING INVESTMENT ACTIVITY AND THEIR CHARACTERISTICS

This article examines the key factors affecting investment activity and analyzes their main characteristics from a theoretical perspective. The study systematizes macroeconomic, institutional, financial, and structural determinants that influence investment decisions of economic agents. Particular attention is paid to the role of economic stability, regulatory quality, access to finance, and expectations under conditions of uncertainty. By synthesizing classical, Keynesian, neoclassical, and institutional approaches, the paper highlights the transmission mechanisms through which these factors shape the level and dynamics of investment activity. The results contribute to a deeper theoretical understanding of investment processes and provide a conceptual framework for assessing investment performance and designing effective investment policies.