Table_1_A comparison of the substance use related risk and protective factor profiles for American Indian and White American youth: a mixed studies review.DOCX

BackgroundAmerican Indian youth are disproportionately impacted by substance use compared to White American youth in the United States. This mixed studies review focused on gathering data to examine the similarities and differences between the risk and protective factor profiles for substance use among American Indian and White American youth aged 10–21.MethodsA scan of the existing literature was needed to review substance use related risk and protective factors for American Indian and White American youth. Search phrases were created to ensure maximum relevant results from existing literature through 2021. After deduplication, an appraisal tool was utilized to review 343 records. A total of 19 articles were deemed relevant. Data from relevant articles was recorded and categorized into the levels of the Social Ecological Model.ResultsSignificant and salient risk and protective factors of substance use for both American Indian and White American youth presented at the individual, interpersonal (family/non-family), and community levels of the Social Ecological Model. A total of 84 factors were found from relevant articles, 55 risk factors and 29 protective factors. When comparing the American Indian and White American youth profiles, a total of 29 unique differences between American Indian (n = 21) and White American youth (n = 8) were identified.DiscussionResults from this review can be utilized to inform Tribal leaders, stakeholders, and policymakers, which will ultimately influence health intervention strategies and prioritizations. Given the limited evidence though, researchers should be responsive to Tribal communities’ call to action for utilizing a culturally rooted approach.

背景：相较于美国白人青年，美洲印第安青年在物质滥用方面遭受的影响尤为显著。本项混合研究综述旨在搜集数据，以探究10至21岁美洲印第安青年与白人青年在物质滥用风险和保护因素特征上的相似性与差异性。方法：为了对美洲印第安青年与白人青年物质滥用相关的风险和保护因素进行文献回顾，有必要对现有文献进行扫描。通过创建检索词，确保从截至2021年的现有文献中获得最大程度的相关结果。在去重后，使用评估工具对343条记录进行了审查。最终共有19篇文章被认为具有相关性。相关文章的数据被记录并分类至社会生态模型的不同层级。结果：在个人、人际（家庭/非家庭）和社区层面，根据社会生态模型，揭示了美洲印第安青年和白人青年在物质滥用方面的显著且重要的风险和保护因素。从相关文章中发现了共计84个因素，其中风险因素55个，保护因素29个。在比较美洲印第安青年和白人青年的特征时，共识别出29个独特的差异，其中美洲印第安青年（n=21）与白人青年（n=8）之间的差异。讨论：本综述的结果可为部落领袖、利益相关者和政策制定者提供信息，从而最终影响健康干预策略和优先级。然而，鉴于证据有限，研究人员应响应部落社区关于采用文化根源方法采取行动的呼吁。