Dataset for: Decoding Motor Plans Using a Closed-Loop Ultrasonic Brain-Machine Interface

In brief, we used a programmable high-framerate ultrasound scanner (Vantage 256; Verasonics, Kirkland, WA) to drive the ultrasound transducer and collect pulse echo radiofrequency data. We used a custom-built computer running NeuroScan Live (ART INSERM U1273 & Iconeus, Paris, France) attached to the 256-channel Verasonics Vantage ultrasound scanner. This software implemented a custom plane-wave imaging sequence optimized to deliver Power Doppler images in real-time at 2 Hz with minimal latency between ultrasound pulses and Power Doppler image formation. The sequence used a pulse-repetition frequency of 5500 Hz and transmitted plane waves at 11 tilted angles equally spaced from -6° to 6°. These tilted plane waves were compounded at 500 Hz. Power Doppler images were formed from 200 compounded B-mode images (400 ms). To form the Power Doppler images, the software used an ultrafast Power Doppler sequence with an SVD clutter filter that discarded the first 30% of components. The resulting Power Doppler images were transferred to a MATLAB instance in real-time and used for the fUS-BMI. Each fUS image and associated timing information were saved for post hoc analyses. During each fUS-BMI session, we placed the ultrasound transducer (128-element miniaturized linear array probe, 15.6 MHz center frequency, 0.1 mm pitch, Vermon, France) on the dura with ultrasound gel as a coupling agent. We consistently positioned the ultrasound transducer across recording sessions using a slotted chamber plug. The imaging field of view was 12.8 mm (width) by 13-20 mm (height) and allowed the simultaneous imaging of multiple cortical regions, including lateral intraparietal area (LIP), medial intraparietal area (MIP), ventral intraparietal area (VIP), Area 7, and Area 5.