liver transcriptome profiling in rats of the Goto-Kakizaki (GK) non-obese model of spontaneously-occurring T2D

14-week-old male GK rats were fed either carbohydrate dier or high fat diet (HFD; 60% fat) over the full duration of the experiment. Surgical procedures were carried out in anesthetized GK rats. The lateral 80% of the stomach was excised to leave a tubular gastric remnant in continuity with the oesophagus, the pylorus and the duodenum. Control GK rats were sham operated through application of pressure with forceps along the oesophageal sphincter and the pylorus. At the end of the experiment (90 days post-surgery), rats were fasted overnight and liver biopsies were collected for RNA sequencing.