Low abundant bacteria are the drivers of immune education and activation in the intestine

Intestinal (small intestine and colon) microbiome samples to explore the role of low abundant bacteria in mice were analyzed by the 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Colon microbiome of the SPF (Taconic), conventional, and pet-store mice were sequenced. Germ-free mice were colonized with the undiluted and diluted cecal microbiome of Taconic mice, and their intestinal microbiome was sequenced. Effects of diluted microbiome oh host was analyzed by RNA-Seq of the intetine.