Replication Data for: A new numerical model for understanding free and dissolved gas progression towards the atmosphere in aquatic methane seepage systems

This dataset contains the files needed to replicate the reference simulation results of the numerical model M2PG1. Please refer to the README.txt file for detailed instructions on how to reproduce the simulation results.
Abstract: We present a marine two-phase gas model in one dimension (M2PG1) resolving interaction between the free and dissolved gas phases, and the gas propagation towards the atmosphere in aquatic environments. The motivation for the model development was to improve the understanding of benthic methane seepage impact on aquatic environments, and its effect on atmospheric greenhouse gas composition. Rising, dissolution and exsolution of a wide size-range of bubbles comprising several gas species are modelled simultaneously with the evolution of the aqueous gas concentrations. A model sensitivity analysis elucidates the relative importance of process parameterizations and environmental effects on the gas behaviour. The parameterization of transfer velocity across bubble rims has the greatest influence on the resulting gas distribution and bubble sizes are critical for predicting the fate of emitted bubble gas. High salinity increases the rise height of bubbles while temperature does not significantly alter it. Vertical mixing and aerobic oxidation play insignificant roles in environments where advection is important. The model, applied in an Arctic Ocean methane seepage location, showed good agreement with acoustically derived bubble rise heights and in-situ sampled methane concentration profiles. Coupled with numerical ocean circulation and biogeochemical models, M2PG1 could predict the impact of benthic methane emissions on the marine environment and the atmosphere on long time scales and large spatial scales. Because of its flexibility, M2PG1 can be applied in a wide variety of environmental settings and future M2PG1 applications may include gas leakage from seafloor installations and bubble injection by wave action.

本数据集收录了复现数值模型M2PG1参考仿真结果所需的所有文件。请参考README.txt文件以获取有关如何重现仿真结果的详细说明。

摘要：本研究提出了一维海洋两相气体模型（M2PG1），该模型能够解析自由气体相与溶解气体相之间的相互作用，以及气体在水生环境中的向大气传播。模型开发的动机在于提升对底栖甲烷渗漏对水生环境影响的认知，及其对大气温室气体组成的效应。模型同时模拟了包括多种气体种类在内的广泛尺寸范围的气泡的上升、溶解和逸出过程，以及水相气体浓度的演变。模型敏感性分析阐明了过程参数化及其对气体行为的环境效应的相对重要性。气泡边缘传输速度的参数化对结果气体分布的影响最大，而气泡尺寸对于预测排放气泡气体的命运至关重要。高盐度会增加气泡的上升高度，而温度对气泡上升高度的影响不显著。在以对流过程为主的海洋环境中，垂直混合和好氧氧化作用的影响微乎其微。模型在北极海洋甲烷渗漏地点的应用表明，其与声学测得的气泡上升高度以及原位采样得到的甲烷浓度分布具有良好的吻合性。结合数值海洋环流和生物地球化学模型，M2PG1能够预测底栖甲烷排放对海洋环境和大气在长时间尺度及大空间尺度上的影响。由于其灵活性，M2PG1可应用于多种环境设置，未来M2PG1的应用可能包括海底设施气体泄漏和波浪作用下的气泡注入。