Synthesis of 1‑Substituted 1H‑1,2,3,4-Tetrazoles Using Biosynthesized Ag/Sodium Borosilicate Nanocomposite

An expedient solvent-free methodology has been developed to produce 1-substituted 1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles using sodium borosilicate glass-supported silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) as a novel heterogeneous catalyst. A cost-efficient, facile, and greener method was deployed for the creation of Ag/sodium borosilicate nanocomposite (ASBN) catalyst by using Aleurites moluccana leaf extract as a stabilizing and reducing agent. The ASBN catalyst was identified using the latest microscopic and spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR, TEM, FESEM, XRD, EDS, and elemental mapping. The deployment of this new catalyst enables the preparation of assorted 1-substituted tetrazoles in good to high yields via an easy work-up procedure in a relatively short reaction time under environmentally friendly conditions without using harmful and toxic reducing agents. The ASBN catalyst can be recycled and reused multiple times without meaningful loss of activity. To extend the application of the ASBN, the performance of the quantitative structure–activity relationships model was investigated for protein binding and toxicity hazard considerations.