UBA1 adenylates ubiquitin in the nucleoplasm
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UBA1 is present in both the cytosol and nucleoplasm (Grenfell et al. 1994). Activation of ubiquitin by UBA1 proceeds through 3 steps: adenylation of ubiquitin, conjugation of ubiquitin from adenyl-ubiquitin to an internal cysteine residue of UBA1, and adenylation of a second molecule of ubiquitin. In the first step, the adenylation module of UBA1 catalyzes the acyl-adenylation of the C-terminal glycine of ubiquitin (Jin et al. 2007, inferred from the rabbit homologue in Haas et al. 1982, Hershko et al. 1983, reviewed in Groettrup et al. 2008).
UBA1蛋白存在于细胞质和核质中(Grenfell等人,1994年)。UBA1激活泛素的过程分为三个步骤:泛素腺苷化、腺苷泛素与UBA1内部半胱氨酸残基的共价连接,以及第二个泛素分子的腺苷化。在第一步中,UBA1的腺苷化模块催化泛素C端甘氨酸的酰基腺苷化(Jin等人,2007年,根据Haas等人(1982年)、Hershko等人(1983年)的研究,并在Groettrup等人(2008年)的综述中推断)。
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