Significance of Differences among National Cultures in the Enterprise Management: A Literature Review with Observations on Ukraine

The purpose of the paper is to study the fundamental features of national cultures that influence the formation of interpersonal relationships within the enterprise, and, as a consequence, the effectiveness of managing the value of the enterprise in general. The methodology of the research is to apply methods of analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization, as well as terminology, source study and system approaches. The scientific novelty of the obtained results consists in substantiating the theoretical positions and presenting practical recommendations for increasing the level of efficiency of the enterprise, formulated on the basis of the selection of the essential features and the significance of the differences between national cultures in the management of the enterprise, which are related to transaction costs and transaction benefits. It is established that: 1) there are significant differences among national cultures, based on the principles, values, systems of stereotypes, behavioral patterns and management activities, which characterize transaction costs from the complexity of conducting international negotiations to a certain degree; and 2) cross-cultural aspects of increasing the efficiency of enterprise management are related to transactional benefits from the mutual exchange of the implicit cultural knowledge, values, norms, experience, etc., in particular within the enterprise. The prospect of further research in this area is the formation of practical recommendations for the improvement of the system of partial diagnostic purposes of the enterprise's polycriterion economic diagnosis, taking into account the importance of differences between national cultures in the management of the enterprise.