Table_1_“Help! I Need Somebody”: Music as a Global Resource for Obtaining Wellbeing Goals in Times of Crisis.docx

Music can reduce stress and anxiety, enhance positive mood, and facilitate social bonding. However, little is known about the role of music and related personal or cultural (individualistic vs. collectivistic) variables in maintaining wellbeing during times of stress and social isolation as imposed by the COVID-19 crisis. In an online questionnaire, administered in 11 countries (Argentina, Brazil, China, Colombia, Italy, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Spain, the UK, and USA, N = 5,619), participants rated the relevance of wellbeing goals during the pandemic, and the effectiveness of different activities in obtaining these goals. Music was found to be the most effective activity for three out of five wellbeing goals: enjoyment, venting negative emotions, and self-connection. For diversion, music was equally good as entertainment, while it was second best to create a sense of togetherness, after socialization. This result was evident across different countries and gender, with minor effects of age on specific goals, and a clear effect of the importance of music in people's lives. Cultural effects were generally small and surfaced mainly in the use of music to obtain a sense of togetherness. Interestingly, culture moderated the use of negatively valenced and nostalgic music for those higher in distress.

音乐能够缓解压力与焦虑，提升积极情绪，并促进社会联结。然而，关于音乐及其相关个人或文化（个体主义与集体主义）变量在应对COVID-19危机带来的压力与社交孤立期间维护身心健康所扮演的角色，知之甚少。在涵盖阿根廷、巴西、中国、哥伦比亚、意大利、墨西哥、荷兰、挪威、西班牙、英国和美国等11个国家的在线问卷调查中（N = 5,619），参与者对疫情期间身心健康目标的相关性以及不同活动达成这些目标的有效性进行了评估。研究发现，音乐在实现五个身心健康目标中的三个方面最为有效：享受、发泄负面情绪以及自我联结。在娱乐方面，音乐与娱乐活动同样出色，而在营造归属感方面，音乐仅次于社交活动。这一结果在不同国家和地区以及不同性别中均得到证实，年龄对特定目标的影响微乎其微，而音乐在人们生活中的重要性具有显著影响。文化效应普遍较小，主要体现在通过音乐获得归属感方面。有趣的是，文化调节了那些处于较高压力水平的人对负面情绪和怀旧音乐的运用。