遇见数据集

Sources of Sediments_SEPARATE

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ArcGIS Hub2025-09-10 更新2026-07-28 收录
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SEPARATE Dataset Summary This dataset presents modelled annual loads of nitrogen, phosphorus (total and dissolved), and fine sediment delivered to rivers across England and Wales at the Water Framework Directive (WFD) waterbody scale. It was produced using SEPARATE v2 and supports environmental policy development, particularly for the WFD. Pollution Sources Source Description Diffuse Agricultural From grassland, arable land, and woodland Diffuse Urban Highways, residential and industrial areas River Channel Banks Erosion from riverbanks Atmospheric Deposition Direct deposition to water surfaces Sewage Treatment Works (STWs) Discharges > 3 m³/day Septic Tanks Unsewered household/industrial units Combined Sewer Overflows (CSOs) Overflow during runoff events Storm Tanks Overflow storage at STWs Groundwater Baseflow pollutant delivery Pollutants by Source Source Total N Total P Dissolved P Sediment Diffuse Agricultural X X X X Diffuse Urban X X X X River Channel Banks X X X Atmospheric Deposition X X - STWs X X X X Septic Tanks X X X - CSOs X X X - Storm Tanks X X X - Groundwater X X Modelling Methods Agriculture: ADAS APT framework using PSYCHIC (P, sediment) and NIPPER (N) with inputs like soil, slope, rainfall, and farming practices. Urban Runoff: Wallingford Modified Rational Method combined with event mean concentrations. River Banks: Bank erosion index considering channel shape and flow stress. Atmospheric: NEAP-N model (N) and ECN rainfall data (P). STWs: Monitored 2010–2012 EA discharge data for >3m³/day. Septic Tanks: Environment Agency data. CSOs and Storm Tanks: SAGIS model; overflow assumptions based on sewer capacity and rainfall. Groundwater: N contributions via baseflow. Uncertainties & Limitations High uncertainty for small waterbodies (<25 km²). STW and agriculture data reflect 2010–2012 period; mitigation uptake included for agriculture. STW data does not include estuarine or coastal discharges. Riverbank estimates exclude areas with protective works. Data Fields (Table Extract) Column Description Unit region River Basin District n/a wb_ID WFD Waterbody ID n/a loc_area Local catchment area km² X_au_L_t Agricultural unmitigated load tons/year X_am_L_p Agricultural mitigated load (percent) % X_to_L_t Total load to waterbody tons/year X = Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Dissolved Phosphorus (D), or Sediment (S) References For full methodology, refer to: Zhang et al. (2014), Environmental Science & Policy, 42, pp. 16–32. DOI:10.1016/j.envsci.2014.04.010 Source data includes PSYCHIC, NIPPER, APT, NEAP-N, and SAGIS frameworks.

SEPARATE 数据集概述 本数据集提供了英格兰与威尔士范围内,按水框架指令(Water Framework Directive, WFD)水体尺度统计的、经建模得到的年度氮、磷(总磷与溶解态磷)及细泥沙入河负荷数据。该数据集基于SEPARATE v2版本生成,可支撑环境政策制定,尤其服务于WFD相关工作。 ## 污染来源说明 ### 污染源类型 1. 面源农业(Diffuse Agricultural):污染物来自草地、耕地与林地 2. 面源城市(Diffuse Urban):污染物来自公路、住宅与工业区 3. 河道岸线侵蚀(River Channel Banks):由河岸侵蚀产生的污染物 4. 大气沉降(Atmospheric Deposition):直接沉降至水体表面的污染物 5. 污水处理厂(Sewage Treatment Works, STWs):日处理量大于3立方米的排放设施 6. 化粪池(Septic Tanks):未接入市政管网的家庭/工业污水处理单元 7. 合流制下水道溢流(Combined Sewer Overflows, CSOs):径流事件时发生的溢流排放 8. 雨水调蓄池(Storm Tanks):污水处理厂配套的溢流存储设施 9. 地下水(Groundwater):通过基流输送的污染物 ### 按来源分类的污染物覆盖情况 | 污染源类型 | 总氮 | 总磷 | 溶解态磷 | 泥沙 | |------------------|------|------|----------|------| | 面源农业 | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | | 面源城市 | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | | 河道岸线侵蚀 | ✕ | ✕ | - | - | | 大气沉降 | ✕ | ✕ | - | - | | 污水处理厂 | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | | 化粪池 | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | - | | 合流制下水道溢流 | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | - | | 雨水调蓄池 | ✕ | ✕ | ✕ | - | | 地下水 | ✕ | ✕ | - | - | 注:表中「✕」表示该污染源对应污染物存在覆盖,「-」表示无对应污染物覆盖。 ## 建模方法 1. 农业污染源:采用ADAS APT框架,结合PSYCHIC模型(用于磷与泥沙模拟)及NIPPER模型(用于氮模拟),输入参数涵盖土壤、坡度、降雨及农业耕作模式。 2. 城市径流:采用沃林福德改良有理法(Wallingford Modified Rational Method)结合事件平均浓度开展模拟。 3. 河岸侵蚀:通过考虑河道形态与水流应力的岸线侵蚀指数进行估算。 4. 大气沉降:采用NEAP-N模型(氮沉降模拟)及ECN降雨数据(磷沉降模拟)。 5. 污水处理厂:基于2010-2012年环境署(Environment Agency, EA)日处理量大于3立方米的监测排放数据。 6. 化粪池:采用环境署公开数据集。 7. 合流制下水道溢流与雨水调蓄池:采用SAGIS模型,溢流假设基于管网容量与降雨情况。 8. 地下水:通过基流输送氮污染物。 ## 不确定性与局限性 1. 面积小于25平方千米的小型水体模拟不确定性较高。 2. 污水处理厂与农业污染源数据基于2010-2012年时段,农业污染源已纳入减排措施的影响。 3. 污水处理厂数据未包含河口或沿海排放单元。 4. 河岸侵蚀估算未涵盖已采取防护工程的区域。 ## 数据字段(表格节选) | 列名 | 说明 | 单位 | |------------|--------------------------|------------| | region | 流域分区(River Basin District) | 无(n/a) | | wb_ID | WFD水体ID | 无 | | loc_area | 本地集水区面积 | 平方千米(km²) | | X_au_L_t | 未采取减排措施的农业负荷 | 吨/年(tons/year) | | X_am_L_p | 采取减排措施的农业负荷占比 | % | | X_to_L_t | 水体总接收负荷 | 吨/年 | *注:X可指代氮(Nitrogen, N)、磷(Phosphorus, P)、溶解态磷(Dissolved Phosphorus, D)或泥沙(Sediment, S)* ## 参考文献 完整方法学可参考:Zhang等人(2014),《环境科学与政策》(Environmental Science & Policy),第42卷,第16-32页。DOI:10.1016/j.envsci.2014.04.010 源数据涵盖PSYCHIC、NIPPER、APT、NEAP-N及SAGIS模型框架。

提供机构:
The Rivers Trust
创建时间:
2025-05-19
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