The Global Shift Toward Renewable Energy: Policy, Technology, and Equity in the Decarbonization Era

Abstract This report explores the accelerating global transition toward renewable energy systems and its implications for economic development, climate resilience, and global equity. It presents an integrated assessment of the policy instruments, market dynamics, and technological innovations driving the renewable revolution, alongside the persistent disparities between industrialized and developing economies. Drawing from contemporary data and academic literature, the report articulates a framework for achieving an inclusive and resilient energy transition by mid-century.