Characteristics of 7,534 women initiating HAART in Johannesburg, South Africa from 1 April 2004 to 31 March 2011, at study entry and contributed during 20,813 person-years of follow-up time.

Categorical variables are expressed as number (% total); continuous variables are expressed as median (interquartile range). P-values are two-sided by chi-square test, or Wilcoxon rank sum test. ‡ Number with hemoglobin below lower limit of normal (LLN); after adjustment for altitude, hemoglobin LLN is 11.35 (10.35) g/dl for non-pregnant (pregnant) women. † Baseline viral load was missing in 6,088 (81%) women as not standard of care.