Spatial distribution of ecological efficiency index in Sanjiangyuan National Park (2010-2015, 2016-2020)

The Sanjiangyuan National Park is an important ecological security barrier in China, with an important ecological status. Its ecological benefits are a priority in the construction of national parks. Based on the principles of scientificity, pertinence, accessibility, and quantifiability, this dataset selects six key evaluation indicators, including vegetation coverage, net primary productivity, water conservation, soil conservation, wind and sand fixation, and Shannon diversity index, to construct an indicator system for calculating the ecological efficiency index of the Three Rivers Source National Park. The vegetation coverage is calculated using a pixel binary model; The net primary productivity is achieved using the Light Energy Utilization Efficiency Model (EC LUE); The water source conservation amount is calculated using the precipitation storage method; The soil conservation amount is calculated using the modified General Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE); The amount of wind protection and sand fixation is calculated using the modified wind erosion equation RWEQ model; The Shannon Diversity Index was obtained using remote sensing monitoring data of land use. Based on the vegetation coverage, net primary productivity, water conservation, soil conservation, wind and sand fixation, and Shannon diversity index obtained from the above calculations, the entropy weight method and Analytic Hierarchy Process were comprehensively applied to calculate the weights of each indicator. Finally, the spatial distribution data of the ecological benefit index before (2010 2015) and after (2016 2020) the pilot implementation of the Three Rivers Source National Public Park System were calculated.