Temperature-Dependent Luminescence and Anisotropic Optical Properties of Centimeter-Sized One-Dimensional Perovskite Trimethylammonium Lead Iodide Single Crystals

Low-dimensional
hybrid halide perovskite materials with self-trapped
exciton (STE) emissions and anisotropic properties are highly attractive
for their great potential in many applications. However, to date,
reports on large one-dimensional (1D) perovskite single crystals have
been limited. Here, centimeter-sized 1D single crystals of trimethylammonium
lead iodide (TMAPbI3) with typical STE emission are synthesized
by an antisolvent vapor-assisted crystallization method. Thermal quenching
and antiquenching with a high relative sensitivity of photoluminescence
(PL) are observed and studied via temperature-dependent photoluminescence
spectroscopy. Further analysis indicates that the temperature-dependent
PL behaviors are influenced by the self-trapping of the free exciton
and the migrations between self-trapped excitons and intermediate
nonradiative states. The TMAPbI3 single crystal also exhibits
a linearly polarized emission and a large birefringence that is higher
than those of commercial birefringent crystals. This 1D perovskite
with high structural anisotropy has promise for applications in versatile
optical- and luminescence-related fields.