Endgame Design for Europa Lander: Ganymede to Europa Approach

The endgame scenario that was explored in this analysis consisted ofthe part of the trajectory starting at the last Ganymede flyby and ending atthe final Europa approach. The basic design components included computing thephasing for the final Ganymede encounter, computing the required intermediateEuropa flybys, determining the required maneuvers to transition between the intermediate resonances, and interfacing with a computed portal prior to the finalapproach. The JPL optimization software, COSMIC, was used in the ephemerismodel to optimize solutions computed in the circular restricted three-body problem and compute bounds on the attainable set of solutions by sweeping variousdesign parameters.