Data from: Effect of ecological momentary assessment, goal-setting and personalized phone-calls on adherence to interval walking training using the InterWalk application among patients with type 2 diabetes – a pilot randomized controlled trial

Objectives: The objective was to investigate the feasibility and usability
of structured text-messages, goal-setting and phone-calls on adherence to
a 12-week self-conducted interval walking training (IWT) program,
delivered by the InterWalk smartphone among patients with type 2 diabetes
(T2D). Methods: In a two-arm pilot randomized controlled trial (Denmark,
March 2014 to February 2015), patients with T2D (18-80 years with a Body
Mass Index of 18 and 40 kg/m2) were randomly allocated to 12 weeks of IWT
with (intervention) or without additional support (control). The primary
outcome was the difference between groups in accumulated time of interval
walking training across 12 weeks. All patients were encouraged to use the
InterWalk application to perform IWT for ≥90 minute/week. Patients in the
intervention group made individual goals regarding lifestyle change,
received automated text-messages once a week, inquiring about exercise
adherence. In case of consistent non-adherence, the patients would receive
a phone-call inquiring about the reason for non-adherence. The control
group did not receive additional support. Information about training
adherence was assessed objectively. Usability of structured text-messages
was assessed based on response rates and self-reported satisfaction after
12-weeks. Results: Thirty-seven patients with T2D (66 years, 65% female,
hemoglobin 1Ac 50.3 mmol/mol) where included (n=18 and n=19 in
intervention and control group, respectively). The retention rate was 83%.
The intervention group accumulated [95%CI] 345 -7, 698 minutes of IWT
more than the control group. The response rate for the text-messages was
83% (68% for males and 90% for females). Forty-one percent of the
intervention and 25% of the control group were very satisfied with their
participation. Conclusion: The combination of structured text-messages,
goal-setting with the possibility of follow-up phone calls are considered
feasible interventions to attain training adherence when using the
InterWalk app during a 12-week period in patients with T2D. Some
uncertainty about the effect size of adherence remains.