Cyclization of Lithiated Pyridine and Quinoline Carboxamides: Synthesis of Partially Saturated Pyrrolopyridines and Spirocyclic β-Lactams

Lithiation of N-benzyl pyridine and quinoline carboxamides α to nitrogen gives anions that undergo intramolecular attack on the pyridine or
quinoline ring, either directly or on activation of the ring by N-acylation. The resulting four-, five-, or six-membered-ring-containing compound
may be oxidized, protonated, alkylated, or acylated to give a range of polycyclic heterocycles, including pyrrolopyridines, pyrroloquinolines,
benzonaphthyridines, and azaspirocyclic β-lactams.