Characteristics of solutions.

Total initial concentration of [Ca2+]0 = 1.8mM for DMEM and MEM and 1.05mM for DMEM:F12; activity coefficient from Davies equation [19], γ = 0.32.Ionic activity product of amorphous calcium phosphate, IAP(ACP) = [a(Ca2+)][a(PO43-)]0.74[a(H+)]0.22 and Ksp(ACP) = 2.29 x 10-11.Ionic activity product of dicalcium phosphate dihydrate, DCPD, IAP(DCPD) = [a(Ca2+)][a(H2PO4-)] and Ksp(DCPD) = 2.4 x 10-7.Ionic activity product of octacalcium phosphate, OCP, IAP(OCP) = [a(Ca2+)]8[a(H2PO4-)]2[a(PO4-)]4 and Ksp(OCP) = 2.5 x 10-99.Ionic activity product of hydroxyapatite, HAP, IAP(HAP) = [a(Ca2+)]10[a(PO43-)]6[a(OH-)]2 andKsp(HAP) = 5.5 x 10-118.The supersaturation ratios were calculated for the pH values at time 0 (pH0) and in equilibrium with 5% CO2 (pH∞) in air, and they are defined as S=(IAPKsP)1υ, where ν is the sum of the exponent numbers in IAP expression.Characteristics of solutions.