Monitoring the Future: A Continuing Study of American Youth (12th-Grade Survey), 2020

This survey of 12th-grade students is part of a series that explores changes in important values, behaviors, and lifestyle orientations of contemporary American youth. Students are randomly assigned to complete one of six questionnaires, each with a different subset of topical questions, but all containing a set of "core" questions on demographics and drug use. There are about 1,400 variables across the questionnaires. Drugs covered by this survey include tobacco, smokeless tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, hashish, prescription medications, over-the-counter medications, LSD, hallucinogens, amphetamines (stimulants), Ritalin (methylphenidate), barbiturates (tranquilizers), cocaine, crack cocaine, GHB (gamma hydroxybutyrate), ecstasy, methamphetamine, and heroin. Other topics include attitudes toward religion, changing roles for women, educational aspirations, self-esteem, exposure to drug education, and violence and crime (both in and out of school). Highlights for 2020: All students recorded their survey answers on tablets that the project brought to the schools, preloaded with the MTF surveys. Data collection was halted prematurely on March 15, 2020 when the University of Michigan stopped all projects that involved face-to-face data collection because of COVID-19 concerns. This resulted in a 2020 sample size about 25% the size of a regular data collection. Guidance for combining grades for analysis: see Appendix C of the codebook. Information about potential mode effects for questions on student attitudes and beliefs when comparing previous years' paper-based survey responses to the current tablet method of collection. Please see the codebook Introduction - Survey Mode section for details.

本调查针对高中生进行，属于一系列旨在探究当代美国青年在重要价值观、行为模式及生活方式倾向方面变迁的研究。学生被随机分配完成六种问卷之一，每种问卷包含不同的主题子集问题，但均包含一系列关于人口统计和药物使用的“核心”问题。问卷中包含约1400个变量。本调查涉及的药物包括烟草、无烟烟草、酒精、大麻、大麻树脂、处方药物、非处方药物、LSD、致幻剂、苯丙胺（兴奋剂）、利他林（哌甲酯）、巴比妥酸盐（镇静剂）、可卡因、可卡因烟、GHB（γ-羟基丁酸）、摇头丸、甲基苯丙胺和海洛因。其他议题还包括对宗教的态度、女性角色的转变、教育抱负、自尊心、接触药物教育以及校园内外暴力犯罪问题。2020年亮点：所有学生均在项目组提供的、预先装载有MTF问卷的平板电脑上记录调查答案。由于COVID-19的担忧，密歇根大学于2020年3月15日提前终止了所有涉及面对面数据收集的项目，导致2020年的样本量仅为常规数据收集量的25%左右。关于合并年级进行分析的指导，请参阅代码簿附录C。关于将先前基于纸张的调查回应与当前基于平板电脑的收集方法进行比较时，可能出现的模式效应的信息，请参阅代码簿引言部分的调查模式部分，以获取详细信息。