General Household Survey 2015 - South Africa

Abstract
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The GHS is an annual household survey conducted by Stats SA since 2002. The survey replaced the October Household Survey (OHS) which was introduced in 1993 and was terminated in 1999. The survey is an omnibus household-based instrument aimed at determining the progress of development in the country. It measures, on a regular basis, the performance of programmes as well as the quality-of-service delivery in a number of key service sectors in the country. The GHS covers six broad areas, namely education, health and social development, housing, household access to services and facilities, food security, and agriculture.

Geographic coverage
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National coverage

Analysis unit
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- Household
- Individual

Universe
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The target population of the survey consists of all private households in all nine provinces of South Africa and residents in workers' hostels. The survey does not cover other collective living quarters such as students' hostels, old-age homes, hospitals, prisons and military barracks, and is therefore only representative of non-institutionalised and non-military persons or households in South Africa.

Kind of data
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Sample survey data [ssd]

Sampling procedure
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The General Household Survey (GHS) uses the Master Sample frame which has been developed as a general-purpose household survey frame that can be used by all other Stats SA household-based surveys having design requirements that are reasonably compatible with the GHS. The GHS 2015 collection was based on the 2013 Master Sample.

This Master Sample is based on information collected during the 2011 Census conducted by Stats SA. In preparation for Census 2011, the country was divided into 103 576 enumeration areas (EAs). The census EAs, together with the auxiliary information for the EAs, were used as the frame units or building blocks for the formation of primary sampling units (PSUs) for the Master Sample, since they covered the entire country and had other information that is crucial for stratification and creation of PSUs.

There are 3324 primary sampling units (PSUs) in the Master Sample with an expected sample of approximately 33000 dwelling units (DUs).
The number of PSUs in the current Master Sample (3324) reflect an 8.0% increase in the size of the Master Sample compared to the previous (2008) Master Sample (which had 3080 PSUs). The larger Master Sample of PSUs was selected to improve the precision (smaller coefficients of variation, known as CVs) of the GHS estimates.

The Master Sample is designed to be representative at provincial level and within provinces at metro/non-metro levels. Within the metros, the sample is further distributed by geographical type. The three geography types are Urban, Tribal and Farms. This implies, for example, that within a metropolitan area, the sample is representative of the different geography types that may exist within that metro. The sample for the GHS is based on a stratified two-stage design with probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling of PSUs in the first stage, and sampling of dwelling units (DUs) with systematic sampling in the second stage.

Caution must be exercised when interpreting the results of the GHS at low levels of disaggregation. The sample and reporting are based on the provincial boundaries as defined in December/January 2006. These new boundaries resulted in minor changes to the boundaries of some provinces, especially Gauteng, North West, Mpumalanga, Limpopo, Eastern Cape and Western Cape. In previous reports the sample was based on the provincial boundaries as defined in 2001, and there will therefore be slight comparative differences in terms of provincial boundary definitions.

Details of the sampling procedure can be found in Report No. P0318 available from Statistics South Africa and attached to this Survey as an external resource.

Mode of data collection
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Face-to-face [f2f]

Research instrument
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A single survey questionnaire was administered for each household.

The questionnaire comprises of the following sections:
Section 1: Household Specific Functioning
Section 2: Health and General Functioning
Section 3: Social Security and Religion
Section 4: Economic Activities
Section 5: General Household Information and Service Delivery
Section 6: Communication and Transport
Section 7: Health, Welfare and Food Security
Section 8: Household Livelihoods
Section 9: Mortality in the Last 12 Months
Section 10: Interviewer Summary Section

Response rate
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National level response rate was 90.48%.

摘要
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GHS（综合家庭调查）自2002年起由南非统计局进行的一项年度家庭调查。该调查取代了1993年引入并于1999年终止的十月家庭调查（OHS）。该调查是一项旨在评估国家发展进步的综合家庭调查工具。它定期衡量国家若干关键服务领域的项目执行情况及服务质量。GHS涵盖六个广泛领域，即教育、健康和社会发展、住房、家庭对服务和设施的可及性、粮食安全以及农业。
地理覆盖范围
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全国覆盖
分析单元
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- 家庭
- 个人
总体
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调查的目标人口包括南非所有九个省份的所有私人家庭和工人宿舍的居民。调查不包括其他集体居住区，如学生宿舍、养老院、医院、监狱和军事营房，因此仅代表南非非机构化和非军事人员或家庭。
数据类型
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样本调查数据 [ssd]
抽样程序
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综合家庭调查（GHS）采用主样本框架，该框架作为一项通用家庭调查框架被开发，可用于所有其他具有与GHS设计要求合理兼容的Stats SA家庭调查。2015年GHS数据收集基于2013年的主样本。
该主样本基于南非统计局在2011年进行的普查期间收集的信息。为准备2011年普查，国家被划分为103 576个统计区域（EA）。普查统计区域及其辅助信息被用作主样本一级抽样单元（PSU）形成的基础单元或构建模块，因为它们覆盖了整个国家，并具有对分层和PSU创建至关重要的其他信息。
主样本中有3324个一级抽样单元（PSU），预期样本量为约33 000个住宅单元（DU）。当前主样本中的PSU数量（3324）与上一期（2008年）主样本（拥有3080个PSU）相比增加了8.0%，更大的主样本PSU数量被选中以提高GHS估计的精度（较小的变异系数，称为CV）。
主样本旨在在省级层面以及省内的城市/非城市层面具有代表性。在城市内部，样本按地理类型进一步分配。三种地理类型为城市、部落和农场。这意味着，例如，在一个城市区域内，样本代表了该城市可能存在的不同地理类型。GHS的样本基于分层两阶段设计，第一阶段采用与规模成比例的概率抽样（PPS）抽样PSU，第二阶段采用系统抽样抽样住宅单元（DU）。
在低层次分解时解读GHS的结果时必须谨慎。样本和报告基于2006年12月/1月定义的省级边界。这些新边界导致了一些省份边界发生微小变化，尤其是豪登省、西北省、姆普马兰加省、林波波省、东开普省和西开普省。在以前的报告中，样本基于2001年定义的省级边界，因此在省级边界定义方面将存在轻微的比较差异。
抽样程序的详细信息可在南非统计局提供的报告No. P0318中找到，并作为本调查的外部资源附在此处。
数据收集方式
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面对面 [f2f]
研究工具
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为每个家庭发放一份单一的调查问卷。
问卷包括以下部分：
第一部分：家庭特定功能
第二部分：健康和一般功能
第三部分：社会保障和宗教
第四部分：经济活动
第五部分：一般家庭信息和服务交付
第六部分：通信和交通
第七部分：健康、福利和粮食安全
第八部分：家庭生计
第九部分：过去12个月内的死亡率
第十部分：访谈者总结部分
回应率
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全国层面的回应率为90.48%。