five

Laminin-322 degradation by MMP14

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reactome.org2025-01-15 收录
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Laminins are an important molecular component of the basement membranes (BMs) in a variety of tissue types. They have a cruciform shape, and are composed of three chains, alpha, beta and gamma., all of which have multiple subtypes. At the ultrastructural level, each laminin trimer appears as a cross-like structure with a large globular domain (LG domain) at the base of the cross. The LG domain is the C-terminal domain of the alpha subunit; it is divided into five homologous subdomains LG1-5 (Sugawara et al. 2008). Keratinocytes of the skin secrete numerous laminin isoforms, including laminin-511 and laminin-332. <br> <br> Laminin-332 undergoes extensive proteolysis following secretion, which is essential for laminin-332 integration into the BM (Rousselle & Beck 2013). The 200 kDa alpha-3 subunit of laminin-332 is cleaved between the LG3-LG4 subdomains to generate a 165 kDa product. The 160 kDa gamma-2 subunit is cleaved at its N-terminus to produce a 105 kDa protein (Marinkovich et al. 1992). Tissue remodeling may lead to further proteolysis of the 105 kDa subunit within the N-terminus giving rise to a 80 kDa protein (Gianelli et al. 1997, Koshikawa et al. 2005). The resulting N-terminal fragment has EGF-like properties and may activate the EGF receptor, inducing cell migration (Schenk et al. 2003). <br> <br>In much of the early literature it is not clear which subunit of the laminin trimer was cleaved, but in vitro studies have revealed specific enzymes involved in the processing of laminin-332 including MMP2, MMP14 (MT1-MMP), and the C-proteinase family of enzymes, especially bone morphogenic protein 1 (BMP1) and mammalian tolloid (mTLD), isoforms 1 and 3 respectively of UniProt P13497 BMP1 (Sugawara et al. 2008, Rousselle & Beck 2013). <br> <br>The beta-3 and gamma-2 chains of laminin-322 are degraded by matrix metalloproteinase 14 (MMP14, MT1-MMP, Udayakumar et al. 2003, Koshikawa et al. 2000, 2005, Pirilä et al. 2003).

层粘连蛋白是多种组织类型基底膜(BM)的重要分子组分。它们呈现出十字形结构,由α、β和γ三条链组成,每条链均具有多种亚型。在超微结构层面,每条层粘连蛋白三聚体呈现出类似十字的结构,其中交叉底部具有一个大型球形结构域(LG结构域)。LG结构域是α亚单位的C端结构域;它被分为五个同源亚结构域LG1-5(Sugawara 等人,2008年)。皮肤角质形成细胞分泌多种层粘连蛋白同型异构体,包括层粘连蛋白-511和层粘连蛋白-332。 层粘连蛋白-332在分泌后经历广泛的蛋白水解过程,这对于层粘连蛋白-332整合到基底膜中至关重要(Rousselle & Beck,2013年)。层粘连蛋白-332的200 kDa α-3亚单位在LG3-LG4亚结构域之间被切割,生成165 kDa的产物。160 kDa的γ-2亚单位在其N端被切割,产生105 kDa的蛋白质(Marinkovich 等人,1992年)。组织重塑可能导致105 kDa亚单位的N端进一步蛋白水解,从而形成80 kDa的蛋白质(Gianelli 等人,1997年,Koshikawa 等人,2005年)。形成的N端片段具有EGF样特性,可能激活EGF受体,诱导细胞迁移(Schenk 等人,2003年)。 在早期的许多文献中,并不明确是层粘连蛋白三聚体的哪个亚单位发生了切割,但体外研究表明了参与层粘连蛋白-332加工的特定酶,包括MMP2、MMP14(MT1-MMP)和C蛋白酶家族的酶,特别是骨形态发生蛋白1(BMP1)和哺乳动物骨粘连蛋白(mTLD),分别为UniProt P13497 BMP1的1型和3型同型异构体(Sugawara 等人,2008年,Rousselle & Beck,2013年)。 层粘连蛋白-322的β-3和γ-2链被基质金属蛋白酶14(MMP14,MT1-MMP,Udayakumar 等人,2003年,Koshikawa 等人,2000年,2005年,Pirilä 等人,2003年)降解。
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