1 km monthly Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) dataset for the Yellow River Basin from 1901 to 2022

This study presents a monthly Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) dataset with a spatial resolution of 1 km for the Yellow River Basin, from 1901 to 2022. The precipitation data utilized for the SPI calculations were sourced from the National Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Scientific Data Center (https://data.tpdc.ac.cn/), encompassing the same temporal range and spatial resolution (Peng, 2024). Considering the seasonal precipitation variability in the Yellow River Basin, the SPI was calculated using a three-month time scale. The provided SPI data are in *.tif format and can be visualized using geographic software such as ArcGIS or QGIS, and processed using Python, R, or MATLAB. The NoData value for the data is -32768.