A Two-Decade Dataset of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Concentrations in Lakes of the Yangtze-Huaihe Region Derived from Remote Sensing

Using 3,034 MOD09GA scenes, we constructed a nitrogen and phosphorus concentration dataset for the Jianghuai Lake Group from 2003 to 2023. The in-situ dataset consists of field survey data collected by the research team across lakes in the Jianghuai region, as well as monthly water quality monitoring data for Lake Taihu provided by the Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research (Chinese Ecosystem Research Network). Based on these ground truth samples, machine learning models were trained to estimate Total Nitrogen (TN) and Total Phosphorus (TP) concentrations in the Jianghuai Lake Group. The trained models were applied to MODIS imagery, and the outputs were saved as GeoTIFF files. The dataset is organized into two folders: TN_MOD09GA_TIF and TP_MOD09GA_TIF. Each folder contains 271 GeoTIFF files, including 250 monthly mean images (formatted as TN/TP_YYYYMM) and 21 annual mean images (formatted as TN/TP_YYYY). Due to significant cloud cover, data for February 2019 (201902) and July 2020 (202007) are missing.