Data and code for historical railway mapping and sectoral CO2 emissions in the Henan Yellow River corridor and adjacent provinces

This release provides data and code supporting a historical geoinformatics analysis of railway mapping and sectoral CO2 emissions in the Henan Yellow River corridor and adjacent provinces. The study covers ten Henan core cities and seventeen extension cities in Shanxi and Shaanxi. The workflow integrates historical OpenStreetMap railway snapshots for 2019 and 2024, Carbon Monitor city emissions for 2019–2024, same-year CLCD land cover, and EDGAR emission-grid sensitivity analyses. It includes processing scripts, analytical tables, selected scientific figures, source manifests, checksums, and reproducibility instructions. The analyses distinguish changes in mapped railway geometry and attributes from physical infrastructure growth. Railway indicators represent mapped-track proxies, not official operating mileage. Reported associations are exploratory and do not establish causal railway effects on emissions. Certain third-party inputs must be obtained separately from their original providers using the documented URLs and checksums. Figure 1 map assets are not redistributed. Consult README.md and THIRD_PARTY_DATA_NOTICE.md for dependencies, limitations, attribution, and component-specific terms. These materials support manuscript OPENGEO-D-26-00083, currently under revision.