Characteristics of raw (measured) tree-ring data and of the standard chronologies for each of four (High, Middle High, Middle Low and Low) elevations and for the overall composite chronology.

Altitude: elevation range/median elevation; Slope: topographic slope angle; Core/Tree: number of cores and trees collected at this elevation, the value in round brackets is the number of trees for which pith offsets are available; Time span: the period when the EPS value is greater than 0.85,which means the time series is robust. ML: mean segment length; Max/Mean/Min TRW: maximum, mean and minimum tree-ring width; MS: mean sensitivity of raw ring data and standard chronology; AC1: first-order autocorrelation of raw ring data and standard chronology; R/R1/R2: mean inter-series/within-tree/between-tree correlation coefficient; PC1: percent variance explained by the first principal component of raw ring data and standard chronology; SNR: signal-to-noise ratio of raw ring data and standard chronology; EPS: expressed population signal, calculated for ARSTAN standard chronologies for 30-year intervals with 15-year overlaps.*Calculated for the common period 1750–2000 (1700–2000 for the composite chronology).