Effects included in minimal adequate Generalized Linear Mixed Models.

Parameter estimates of fixed effects influencing the quantity of saliva attached to substrates, DNA concentration in saliva extracts (ng µl-1), and dog identification success expressed as a perfect match for 10 loci are shown. Levels styrofoam (substrate), meat (bait), female (sex), and small (dog size) are included in the intercept. All models contain the random effects of dog identity nested within experimental session. Errors: normal (saliva score, DNA concentration), binomial (species and individual identification) and Poisson (number of genotyping attempts needed for a correct identification). S*B: substrate-bait interaction.