Comparison of the cellular requirements for macropinocytosis, VV, IAV CME-independent, and HPV-16 endocytosis, and phagocytosis.

Depicted are characteristics and required factors for macropinocytosis, phagocytosis, and endocytic entry of VV, IAV, and HPV-16. Tick marks indicate that a factor is required, crosses indicate no requirement, both indicate a cell type/system dependend requirement, and n.d. = not determined. Marked with an asterisk (*) are differences between macropinocytosis and HPV-16. The data is from this manuscript and (Mercer and Helenius, 2008, Mercer and Helenius 2009, de Vries et al., 2011, Niedergang and Chavrier, 2005).