Geographic determination data for southern Oregon Pinus ponderosa using DART TOFMS, ICP-MS, and LIBS handheld analyzer

This data publication contains analytical data from direct analysis in real time time-of-flight mass spectrometry (DART TOFMS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), and handheld laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) collected from five populations of Pinus ponderosa located 14 to 72 kilometers apart in Oregon between October 2021 and February 2025. These data were generated to assess the effectiveness of these techniques paired with machine learning models in determining the geographical provenance of timber. The data support research into forensic wood identification and environmental forensics by providing mass spectral and elemental composition data for comparative analysis. These data can be used to explore classification models, develop geographic reference databases, and evaluate alternative approaches for timber provenance determination. This data publication includes tabular digital data including: 1) the geographic coordinates and final ash mass for 107 Pinus ponderosa core samples, 2) ICP-MS data for 107 Pinus ponderosa wood core samples (normalized), 3) recorded DART TOFMS spectra data including the mass-to-charge ratio and corresponding relative intensity, and 4) recorded LIBS spectra data including wavelength and corresponding intensity.These data were collected to evaluate how data collected via DART TOFMS, LIBS, and ICP-MS could be used to classify different populations of Pinus ponderosa timber.For more information about this study and these data, see Price et al. (2025).