ИЗУЧЕНИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТЕЙ ДИАЛЕКТОВ РУССКОГО ЯЗЫКА И ИХ РОЛИ В ФОРМИРОВАНИИ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ЯЗЫКА

The article examines the distinctive features of Russian dialects and their role in the formation of the modern Russian language. The study focuses on territorial classification, phonetic, lexical and grammatical features, as well as the cultural function of dialect speech. The research is based on works in Russian dialectology, historical linguistics and sociolinguistics. Descriptive, comparative-historical and analytical methods are applied. The analysis identifies Russian dialects as a source of archaic linguistic elements, colloquial speech development and cultural memory.