Midlife in the United States (MIDUS 2), 2004-2006

In 1995-1996, the MacArthur Midlife Research Network carried out a national survey of 7,108 Americans aged 25 to 74 (MIDLIFE IN THE UNITED STATES (MIDUS), 1995-1996 [ICPSR 2760]). The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of behavioral, psychological, and social factors in understanding age-related differences in physical and mental health. The study was innovative for its broad scientific scope, its diverse samples (which included twins and the siblings of main sample respondents), and its creative use of in-depth assessments in key areas (e.g., daily stress and cognitive functioning). A description of the study and findings from it are available at http://www.midus.wisc.edu. With support from the National Institute on Aging, a longitudinal follow-up of the original MIDUS samples: core sample (N = 3,487), metropolitan over-samples (N = 757), twins (N = 925 complete pairs), and siblings (N = 950), was conducted in 2004-2006. Guiding hypotheses for it, at the most general level, were that behavioral and psychosocial factors are consequential for physical and mental health. MIDUS II respondents were aged 35 to 86. Data collection largely repeated baseline assessments (e.g., phone interview and extensive self-administered questionnaire), with additional questions in selected areas (e.g., cognitive functioning, optimism and coping, stressful life events, and caregiving). To add refinements to MIDUS II, an African American sample (N = 592) was recruited from Milwaukee, Wisconsin, who participated in a personal interview and completed a questionnaire paralleling the above assessments. Also administered was a modified form of the mail questionnaire, via telephone, to respondents who did not complete a self-administered questionnaire.

于1995-1996年间，麦克阿瑟中年研究网络对美国7,108名25至74岁的公民进行了全国性调查（美国中年研究（MIDUS），1995-1996 [ICPSR 2760]）。该研究的宗旨在于探究行为、心理和社会因素在理解年龄相关差异对身心健康的影响中的作用。该研究以其广泛的科学范畴、多样化的样本（包括双胞胎和主要样本受访者的兄弟姐妹）以及在对关键领域（例如，日常压力和认知功能）进行深入评估方面的创新性而独树一帜。有关该研究及其发现的具体描述可参考http://www.midus.wisc.edu。在国家老龄研究所的支持下，对原始MIDUS样本（核心样本N = 3,487，都市区超额样本N = 757，双胞胎N = 925对完整配对，兄弟姐妹N = 950）进行了纵向跟踪调查，调查时间为2004-2006年。该调查的最高指导假设是，行为和心理社会因素对身心健康具有重大影响。MIDUS II的受访者年龄介于35至86岁之间。数据收集主要重复了基线评估（例如，电话访谈和广泛的自我管理问卷），并在选定领域增加了额外的问题（例如，认知功能、乐观与应对策略、压力生活事件和照顾他人）。为了对MIDUS II进行细化，从威斯康星州的密尔沃基招募了非洲裔美国人样本（N = 592），他们参与了个人访谈并完成了与上述评估相对应的问卷。此外，还对未完成自我管理问卷的受访者通过电话进行了修改后的邮寄问卷。