Original dataset, coded matrix, and Bayesian phylogenetic trees of three Late Ordovician brachiopod genera (Atrypida: Anazygidae)

The Late Ordovician was a pivotal interval in Earth’s history, marked by
rapid diversification and a significant accumulation of biodiversity
across marine ecosystems. This period witnessed the flourishing of
brachiopods, which were a dominant component of the Paleozoic Evolutionary
Fauna—a group primarily composed of filter-feeding, sessile benthic
organisms that played a critical role in the structure and function of
Paleozoic marine communities. In this study, we focus on reconstructing
the evolutionary relationships and biodiversity dynamics of a key lineage
within this group: the atrypid brachiopods of the family Anazygidae. This
family includes the genera Anazyga, Catazyga, and Zygospira, which are
particularly important for understanding morphological innovation,
biogeographic patterns, and ecological adaptation during a time of major
evolutionary expansion. By integrating phylogenetic analysis with
biodiversity assessments, our study sheds light on the evolutionary
history and ecological significance of these brachiopods during the Late
Ordovician radiation.