The Mini-Standard Model of Particle Physics

The "Standard Model of Elementary Particle Physics" attempts to describe the properties of all elementary particles that exist in the universe. There are actually many more different particles than can be found in ordinary matter. Most of these particles are unstable. The majority of all elementary particles decay relatively quickly into the particles we know on a daily basis. The weak interaction causes all heavy particles to decay into lighter particles. For example, a neutron decays into a proton, an electron, and an antineutrino. Here, however, a question arises that if the neutron and its decay product particles do not exist simultaneously, how can the interaction between the neutron and the decay products cause the neutron to decay. The solution lies in the general field theory, which tells us that each type of particle corresponds to a field in space. Such a field exists everywhere and always. A field can exist even if the corresponding particles do not exist yet. In this case, the field energy is minimal. The energy of the field increases "gradually", as particles, or quanta of the corresponding field, appear in the field. Any reaction can be understood as a transfer of energy from one field to another. In the following, we mainly describe the masses of protons, neutrons, electrons, quarks and their intermediate particles - gluons and photons. These particles are mostly stable in nature and also the most common elements in the universe. Therefore, it can be said that it is a "mini-standard model", i.e. a "smaller version" of the standard model of elementary particle physics, which describes only the most common and permanent particles in the entire universe. Protons, neutrons and electrons are the basic building blocks of all matter in the universe, as the atoms and molecules formed from them form the basis of any material structure in the universe. It can also be said that the "mini-standard model" is in turn the basis for this "large standard model" or "standard model of elementary particle physics".