Whole transcriptome analysis of human macrophages infected with H5N1 and H1N1 influenza viruses reveals the significant up-regulation of RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathway [miRNA-seq]

For the small RNA portion in the whole transcriptome, a total of 105,842,096 filtered high-quality sequencing reads, representing 2,854,995 unique miRNA species, were generated for miRNAs for H1N1- or H5N1- infected macrophage cell populations at 1-, 3-, and 6-hr post-infection. A total of 361 mature miRNAs and 113 mature star miRNAs were identified from the samples. We calculated the miRNA expression fold change in influenza A viruses infected cells compared to mock-infected control cells andassessed the significance of the differential expression for each miRNA using Z-statistics. A total of 241 mature miRNAs were identified with a minimum fold-change of 1.2 and 102 of them have a Z-score ≥ 3. We studied the whole transcriptome of a highly pathogenic influenza virus H5N1 and a low virulent H1N1 in human monocyte-derived macrophages at 1-, 3-, and 6-hr post-infection to identify the molecular events leading to virus pathogenesis at early infection stages by comparing with the mock infected cells. This data set is corresponding to the small RNA portion of the whole transcriptome.