WW23

This report describes the results of an annual nationwide survey on winter weather in the United States. The 2023 Winter Weather and Society Survey (WW23) was designed and administered by the Institute for Public Policy Research and Analysis (IPPRA) at the University of Oklahoma. It was fielded from October 26 through November 6, 2023, using an online questionnaire that was completed by 1,459 U.S. adults (age 18+) that were recruited from an Internet panel that matches the characteristics of the U.S. population as estimated in the U.S. Census. The WW21 survey was designed to establish baseline measures of the extent to which U.S. adults receive, understand, and respond to winter weather forecasts and warnings. The survey also measured public trust in the National Weather Service (NWS), extreme weather and climate risk perceptions, risk literacy, interpretations of probabilistic language, and winter weather preparedness. In the WW22 survey, those baseline questions were refined, and respondents’ threshold for winter weather events, the perceived impact of winter weather on their location and daily life and their perceptions of the amount of snow that will fall given certain forecast messaging are all tested. The WW23 survey continues to test these measures, while adding questions addressing how prebunk messaging impacts the ability of members of the public to identify high-quality forecast information. This report briefly describes the methodology, survey data collection, data weighting, and a reproduction of the survey instrument with weighted means and frequencies for the questions that elicited numeric responses.本报告阐述了一项美国冬季天气年度全国性调查的成果。2023年冬季天气与社会调查（WW23）由俄克拉荷马大学公共政策研究与分析研究所（IPPRA）设计并实施，调查于2023年10月26日至11月6日开展，采用在线问卷形式，由符合美国人口普查局预估人口特征的互联网面板招募的1459名18岁及以上美国成年人完成作答。WW21调查旨在建立基线指标，以衡量美国成年人接收、理解并响应冬季天气预报与预警的程度；该调查同时评估了公众对国家气象局（NWS）的信任度、极端天气与气候风险认知、风险素养、概率性语言解读能力，以及冬季天气备灾情况。WW22调查对上述基线问题进行了优化，并测试了受访者的冬季天气事件阈值感知、冬季天气对其所在地区及日常生活的影响感知，以及特定预报信息下的降雪量感知情况。WW23调查延续了对上述指标的测试，同时新增了关于预辟谣信息如何影响公众识别高质量预报信息能力的相关问题。本报告简要介绍了本次调查的方法论、数据采集流程、数据加权方法，并附上了经加权处理后的数值响应类问题的均值与频数分布，同时复现了调查问卷的完整内容。