Evaluation of DNA extracted from timber rattlesnake (Cotalus horridus) cloacal and blood swabs for microsatellite genotyping

Genetic research is a key component to modern wildlife conservation, but it is contingent on the collection of reliable and high-quality genetic samples. Invasive genetic sampling techniques have potential to negatively impact individuals, which may be prohibitive when working with threatened and endangered species. Prior to sample collection, project managers must try to balance the negative impact on individuals included in the study with the demand for DNA and the difficulty of obtaining samples. Although established methods for blood and tissue collection in reptiles meet the need for high-quantity and quality DNA, they inherently require longer handling times and more skill to obtain. Thus, non-invasive DNA collection methods, such as cloacal swabs, may be preferred when animal welfare is a priority. Cloacal swabs are quicker, easier, require less training and reduce handling time. To evaluate cloacal swabbing as an alternative to collecting blood, we obtained both cloacal and bloo...