Genetically Predicted Expression of the Succinylation-Associated Gene LDHA Promotes Renal Cell Carcinoma Progression by Suppressing Circulating Deoxycarnitine

STROBE-MR_Checklist Supplementary Information Supplementary 1: Construction of Succinylation-Related Gene Sets and Sources of eQTL Data. Supplementary 2: Genetic instruments for circulating metabolic traits (CLSA metabolomics GWAS). Supplementary 3: Two-sample MR results for succinylation-related genes on RCC risk. Supplementary 4: Robustness diagnostics for the LDHA → RCC association. Supplementary 5: Integrated prioritization of candidate genes using SMR/HEIDI and concordance with MR. Supplementary 6: SMR analysis workflow and reproducibility resources. Supplementary 7: Differential expression validation for LDHA in RCC (TCGA-KIRC and GEO cohorts). Supplementary 8: Expression-based validation and interpretation for additional candidate genes (including discordant signals). Supplementary 9: LDHA cis-MR screening against 1,400 metabolic traits (LDHA → metabolite). Supplementary 10: MR screening of circulating metabolic traits on RCC risk (metabolite → RCC). Supplementary 11: Mediator prioritization pipeline and cross-chain filtering criteria. Supplementary 12: Two-step MR mediation decomposition across candidate mediators. Supplementary 13: Sensitivity and stability analyses for the LDHA → Deoxycarnitine step. Supplementary 14: Sensitivity and stability analyses for the Deoxycarnitine → RCC step and the overall mediation chain.