table_1_Preventive Effect of a Synbiotic Combination of Galacto- and Fructooligosaccharides Mixture With Bifidobacterium breve M-16V in a Model of Multiple Rotavirus Infections.docx

Rotavirus (RV) causes morbidity and mortality among infants worldwide, and there is evidence that probiotics and prebiotics can have a positive influence against infective processes such as that due to RV. The aim of this study was to evidence a preventive role of one prebiotic mixture (of short-chain galactooligosaccharide/long-chain fructooligosaccharide), the probiotic Bifidobacterium breve M-16V and the combination of the prebiotic and the probiotic, as a synbiotic, in a suckling rat double-RV infection model. Hyperimmune bovine colostrum was used as protection control. The first infection was induced with RV SA11 and the second one with EDIM. Clinical variables and immune response were evaluated after both infections. Dietary interventions ameliorated clinical symptoms after the first infection. The prebiotic and the synbiotic significantly reduced viral shedding after the first infection, but all the interventions showed higher viral load than in the RV group after the second infection. All interventions modulated ex vivo antibody and cytokine production, gut wash cytokine levels and small intestine gene expression after both infections. In conclusion, a daily supplement of the products tested in this preclinical model is highly effective in preventing RV-induced diarrhea but allowing the boost of the early immune response for a future immune response against reinfection, suggesting that these components may be potential agents for modulating RV infection in infants.

轮状病毒（RV）在全球范围内导致婴幼儿发病率及死亡率，已有证据表明益生菌和益生元对抵抗感染过程（如由RV引起的感染）具有积极作用。本研究旨在证明一种益生元混合物（短链半乳寡糖/长链果寡糖）、益生菌双歧杆菌 breve M-16V及其作为合生元的益生元与益生菌的组合在哺乳鼠双RV感染模型中的预防作用。免疫牛初乳被用作保护对照。首次感染由RV SA11引起，第二次感染由EDIM引起。在两次感染后，评估了临床变量和免疫反应。饮食干预改善了首次感染后的临床症状。益生元和合生元显著降低了首次感染后的病毒排出，但在第二次感染后，所有干预措施均显示出比RV组的更高病毒载量。所有干预措施在两次感染后均调节了体外抗体和细胞因子产生、肠道冲洗细胞因子水平和小肠基因表达。总之，在预临床模型中，每日补充所测试的产品对于预防RV引起的腹泻非常有效，同时允许早期免疫反应的增强，以应对未来可能的再感染，这表明这些成分可能成为调节婴幼儿RV感染的有效剂型。