ONTOLOGICAL AND EPISTEOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE GRADATION OF SPIRITUAL IMPROVEMENT IN CLASSICAL LITERATURE

This article explores the concept of man in the works of great representatives of classical Oriental literature, Fariduddin Attar and Alisher Navoi, through the prism of the seven valleys system. The core of the research lies in the analysis of the vertical gradation of spiritual perfection and its ontological-gnoseological foundations. The author reveals the sequence of questions and answers in the epics, the hierarchy of symbolic images, and the process of intensification of linguistic means using the comparative-typological method. The study scientifically proves that human spiritual ascension is not a linear movement but a stepped evolution consisting of qualitative transformations. Furthermore, the linguistic expression of the stages of spiritual perfection and its role in the composition of the epics are evaluated at the intersection of modern literary criticism and linguistics.