EVOLUTION OF POLITICAL SYSTEMS IN THE ERA OF DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION:AN ANALYSIS OF THE IMPACT OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ON DEMOCRATIC INSTITUTIONS

This research paper is devoted to one of the most pressing issues of 21st-century political science - the integration of artificial intelligence and “Big Data” into traditional democratic processes. Based on the theories of technological determinism and social constructivism, the article analyzes the impact of algorithms on public administration, electoral behavior, and information sovereignty. In particular, the “Cambridge Analytica” case, China’s “Social Credit” system, and Uzbekistan’s “Digital Government” reforms are examined comparatively. The research findings show that while AI technologies increase the effectiveness of political participation, they also carry existential risks that may lead to “digital authoritarianism” and societal polarization. The conclusion proposes strategic recommendations for protecting Uzbekistan’s national information space from algorithmic manipulation.