Research methods used for the study of human disease–causing parasite species that could be applied to cattle disease–causing parasites [2–9].

Note that the nonhuman infective subspecies of T. brucei (T. b. brucei) is the most widely used African trypanosome in the laboratory, acting as a model system for the human-infective subspecies T. b. rhodesiense and T. b. gambiense. Example studies are not exhaustive of the available literature.