Data from: The evolution of pesticide resistance: A data-driven case study of chlorantraniliprole resistance in Chilo suppressalis and other lepidopteran pests in China

Pesticide resistance presents some of the best examples of evolution by
natural selection in action. An exceptionally well-documented case from
recent years is the evolution of resistance to the diamide
chlorantraniliprole in the striped rice stem-borer Chilo
suppressalis in China. Prior to the registration of
chlorantraniliprole, C. suppressalis had evolved
resistance to almost all other available pesticides. Using data from
resistance monitoring and laboratory analysis, the quantitative dynamics
of chlorantraniliprole resistance evolution in C.
suppressalis and other lepidopteran pests in China are collated
and analysed. The results reveal the rapid evolution of high levels of
chlorantraniliprole resistance in C.
suppressalis, causing control failure across China, primarily
driven by the origin and spread of multiple identified major mutations of
the target site. Some of the same mutations also drove the parallel
evolution of chlorantraniliprole resistance in other lepidopteran pests.
As well as providing an exceptional example of evolution by natural
selection in action, the evolution of chlorantraniliprole resistance
in C. suppressalis in China also provides a cautionary tale for
resistance management.