From dusk till dawn: Ecoacoustic monitoring reveals wind energy impacts on roding Eurasian woodcock (Scolopax rusticola)

Renewable energy is vital for reducing carbon emissions, yet its infrastructure poses challenges for biodiversity. While wind power impacts on bats and raptors are well-studied, effects on elusive species remain largely unknown. The Eurasian Woodcock (Scolopax rusticola), a nocturnal forest bird, performs characteristic courtship flights at twilight known as roding. Despite evidence suggesting potential impacts on the species, details regarding the effects of wind energy use in forests on the habitat use and roding of Woodcocks remain unclear. We compared the vocal activity of Woodcocks at 15 windfarms scattered throughout central Germany. We used passive acoustic monitoring in a paired design, with control sites situated ≥3 km from wind turbines. We took recordings for three hours at dawn and dusk over ten days in June 2023—during peak roding season. We validated presumed Woodcock matches by BirdNET to assess precision for the species, accompanied by a stratified screening to estimate ..., , # From dusk till dawn: Ecoacoustic monitoring reveals wind energy impacts on roding Eurasian woodcock (Scolopax rusticola)

Dataset DOI: [10.5061/dryad.pvmcvdnz3](10.5061/dryad.pvmcvdnz3)

## Description of the data and file structure

Excel Table with supporting and raw data used in the manuscript. The file contains three sheets:

1. \"Woodcock_IDs_MS\" contains all BirdNET detections of Eurasian Woodcocks in the recordings used for the paper. Each detection was validated as either TRUE or FALSE. The sheet includes location and time information, site information (control or impact, number of windpower plants (WEA) as well as the distance to the closest WEA), as well as time differences of the detection time relative to solar positions (time difference to sunset/sunrise \"SASUdiff\", time difference to transition between civil and nautical twilight \"DDdiff\", when the sun is 6° below horizon, and time difference to the transition between nautical and astronomical twilight \"NautDD\", when sun ...,