Censusindia

The Indian Census is the largest single source of a variety of statistical information on different characteristics of the people of India. With a history of more than 130 years, this reliable, time tested exercise has been bringing out a veritable wealth of statistics every 10 years, beginning from 1872 when the first census was conducted in India non-synchronously in different parts. To scholars and researchers in demography, economics, anthropology, sociology, statistics and many other disciplines, the Indian Census has been a fascinating source of data. The rich diversity of the people of India is truly brought out by the decennial census which has become one of the tools to understand and study India The responsibility of conducting the decennial Census rests with the Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India under Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India. It may be of historical interest that though the population census of India is a major administrative function; the Census Organisation was set up on an ad-hoc basis for each Census till the 1951 Census. The Census Act was enacted in 1948 to provide for the scheme of conducting population census with duties and responsibilities of census officers. The Government of India decided in May 1949 to initiate steps for developing systematic collection of statistics on the size of population, its growth, etc., and established an organisation in the Ministry of Home Affairs under Registrar General and ex-Officio Census Commissioner, India. This organisation was made responsible for generating data on population statistics including Vital Statistics and Census. Later, this office was also entrusted with the responsibility of implementation of Registration of Births and Deaths Act, 1969 in the country.

印度人口普查是关于印度人民各种特征统计数据的最主要来源。拥有超过130年的历史，这一可靠且经得起时间考验的统计工作自1872年首次在印度不同地区非同步进行以来，每十年便会产出一份丰富的统计数据。对于人口学、经济学、人类学、社会学、统计学等众多学科的研究者和学者而言，印度人口普查成为了数据资源中的瑰宝。每十年一次的普查不仅揭示了印度人民的丰富多样性，也成为了理解和研究印度的重要工具。负责进行每十年一次的普查的机构隶属于印度内政部下的注册总长和人口普查专员办公室。值得注意的是，尽管印度的人口普查是一项重要的行政职能，但直到1951年人口普查之前，普查组织都是为每次普查临时设立的。1948年颁布的《普查法》旨在规范人口普查的实施方案，明确规定了普查官员的职责与责任。1949年5月，印度政府决定采取系统性收集关于人口规模、增长等方面的统计数据，并在内政部设立了由注册总长和临时人口普查专员领导的机构。该机构负责生成人口统计数据，包括生命统计和普查数据。此后，该办公室还承担了实施《1969年出生与死亡登记法》的国家责任。